DEFINITION
§Any opacity within the lens
TYPES
§MATURE CATARACT
ØDense opacity, obscuring the view of retina
§IMMATURE CATARACT
ØMinimal opacity, allowing the view of retina
SYMPTOM
§Progressive painless loss of vision
SIGN
§Reduced visual acuity
§Opacity in the lens
§Other eye examination - normal
CAUSES
Senile cataract – ageing process
Congenital
§Intrauterine infection
§Maternal drug ingestion
§Chromosomal abnormality – eg.Down synd.
§Metabolic disorder – eg. galactosemia.
Secondary (acquired) cataract
§Trauma
§Drug induced – eg. Steroid
§Inflammation – eg. Uveitis
§Systemic Disease – eg. Diabetes
COMPLICATION
§Amblyopia
(otherwise known as lazy eye, is a disorder of the visual system that is characterized by poor or indistinct vision in an eye that is otherwise physically normal, or out of proportion to associated structural abnormalities.)
§Glaucoma
(A group of diseases of the optic nerves involving loss of retinal ganglion cells in pattern of optic neuropathy, which a/w visual field loss and elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is one of the primary risk factors)
§Uveitis
(specifically refers to inflammation of the middle layer of the eye, termed the "uvea" but in common usage may refer to any inflammatory process involving the interior of the eye.)
§Blindness
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