Friday, February 18, 2011

cataract......




             DEFINITION
§Any opacity within the lens

TYPES
§MATURE CATARACT
ØDense opacity, obscuring the view of retina
§IMMATURE CATARACT
ØMinimal opacity, allowing the view of retina



            SYMPTOM
§Progressive painless loss of vision

            SIGN
§Reduced visual acuity
§Opacity in the lens
§Other eye examination - normal

CAUSES
Senile cataract – ageing process
             Congenital
§Intrauterine infection
§Maternal drug ingestion
§Chromosomal abnormality – eg.Down synd.
§Metabolic disorder – eg. galactosemia.

Secondary (acquired) cataract
§Trauma
§Drug induced – eg. Steroid
§Inflammation – eg. Uveitis
§Systemic Disease – eg. Diabetes



            COMPLICATION
§Amblyopia  
       (otherwise known as lazy eye, is a disorder of the visual system that is characterized by poor or indistinct vision in an eye that is otherwise physically normal, or out of proportion to associated structural abnormalities.) 
§Glaucoma
        (A group of diseases of the optic nerves involving loss of retinal ganglion cells in pattern of optic neuropathy, which a/w visual field loss and elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is one of the primary risk factors)

§Uveitis
        (specifically refers to inflammation of the middle layer of the eye, termed the "uvea" but in common  usage may refer to any inflammatory process involving the interior of the eye.)
§Blindness

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